村级民主监督制度创新的动力与成效——基于后陈村村务监督委员会制度的调查与分析

Motivation and Effect of the Innovation of Village Democratic Supervision System——Based on the Research and Analysis of Village Affairs Supervision Committee System of Hou Chen Village

民主监督是村民自治的重要环节。浙江省武义县后陈村首创的村务监督委员会制度是一项民主监督制度创新。以"一个机构、两项制度"为标志的村务监督委员会制度具有分权制衡、制度规制、全程监督、精英监察等特点。这项基层民主制度创新是农村治理危机、农民自主行为和地方政府主动推动等多种力量共同作用的结果。既是促进村民自治和基层民主的正向创新,又是有利于农村社会和谐与发展的正效创新。但是,作为一项制度创新也面临着一系列的挑战。

Democratic supervision is an important part of villagers’ self-government. The initial village affairs supervision committee system of Hou Chen Village in WuYi town of ZheJiang province is an innovation of democratic supervision system. The village affairs supervision committee system has the hallmark as 'One organization and two systems' with the characteristic of the separation of powers, system regulation, full supervision and monitoring of the elite etc. This democratic system is the synthetic results of crisis management in rural area, peasants’ directly behavior and the local government’s active promotion etc. The innovation can not only promote villagers’ self-government and democracy at the grassroots level, but also be good to build a harmonious and development society in rural areas. However, as a system innovation, it has to face a series of challenges.