采用药芯焊丝堆焊修复后的钢轨组织性能

Research on microstructure and property of rail by surfacing welding with self-shielded flux-corded wire

随着铁路运输的高速、重载化,钢轨的伤损日趋严重,过去采用焊条对伤损钢轨进行堆焊修复,已总结出了成套技术并趋于成熟。但对使用自保护药芯焊丝进行堆焊修复钢轨的研究较少,针对在线钢轨的焊接特点,选用牌号JDHB-1的自保护药芯焊丝作为钢轨堆焊修复的材料,在实验室条件下对攀钢生产的U75V钢轨进行了堆焊修复工艺试验,进行了堆焊层的组织、性能等试验研究及超声波探伤。研究表明,采用JDHB-1自保护药芯焊丝进行在线钢轨堆焊修复,满足铁道部标准TB/T1631-2002(钢轨电弧焊补技术条件)对硬度、组织、冲击性能的要求,且堆焊层的透声性能与母材接近,因此堆焊层具有优良的综合机械性能,采用自保护药芯焊丝冷焊修复伤损钢轨具有可行性。

With the high speed and heavy haulage on railways,the rail＇s damage is more and more serious,the electrode is adopted to repair the rail through surfacing welding in the past,the packaged technology is summarized,according to the weldability of the rails on-site in this paper ,The JDHB-1 self-shielded flux-cored wire as the welding material is selected to repair the rail which is produced by Pangang Group,then the microstructure and property is researched and supersonic flaw detecting is done.The research shows that： The overlay＇s rigidity,morphology and impact properties meets the Ministry of Railways＇ standard,the sound transitive performance of the overlay is approached to the base metal.So the overlay possess good comprehensive mechanical property.It is feasible that the damaged rail is repaired by self-shielded flux-corded wire without preheat.