从认知语言学角度看战争隐喻对现代竞技体育的影响

Reflection on Mordern Competitive Sports from Conceptual Metaphors in Cognitive Linguistics

认知语言学认为言语交际与思维、行事是基于同一概念系统的。体育比赛言谈中存在着的大量战争隐喻,对人们如何看待体育比赛,如何进行体育比赛,有着深远的影响。但是,隐喻是一把双刃剑,在凸显事物某一特性的同时,遮蔽其它特性;在通过为人们熟悉的、较为容易把握的始源域来体验为人们不熟悉的、较难把握的目标域的同时,将始源域的某些因素强加于目标域。文章希望对体育比赛中战争隐喻工作机制的剖析,能够使人们以一种新的方式反思现代竞技体育。

In cognitive linguistics,language comunication is based on the same conceptual system as mind and act. In view of this, war metaphors in sports game discourse has far-reaching consequences in ways of thinking and behaving in sports games. Yet, like a double-edged sword, metaphors, while profiling one property, hide others. Although they make it possible for us to understand the target domain, which is unfamiliar and intangible, in terms of the source domain, which is familiar to us and easy to handle, they impose some elements of the source domain on the target domain. We hope that through probing working mechanism of the war metaphor, we may reflect on modem competitive sports in a new approach.