摘要
我们观察研究了燕麦属(Avena)中不同倍性三个种的染色体数目和核型。结果如下:砂燕麦Avena strigosa为二倍体,2n=2X=14,核型公式是2n=2X=14=10m+4sm(2SAT),核型类型为2A;野生大燕麦Avena magna为四倍体2n=4X=28,核型公式是2n=4X=28=16m+12Sm(2SAT),核型类型为2A;裸燕麦(莜麦)Avena nuda为六倍体2n=6X=42,核型公式是2n=6X=42=22m+20sm(2SAT),核型类型为2B。从核型结果中可以看出,多倍化是三个种进化重要趋势,随着倍性的增加,核型的不对称性也增加。
We studied the chromosome numbers and karyotypes of three Avena species having different ploidy. The results were as follows: Avena strigosa is diploid 2n=2X=14, the karyotpe formula is 2n=2X=14=10m+4sm(2SAT), and the karyotype is 2A; Anena magna is tetraploid 2n=4x=28, the karotype formula is 2n=4x=28=16m+12sm(2SAT), and karyotype is 2A; Avena nuda is hexaploid 2n=6x=42, the karyotype formula and the karyotye are 2n=6x=42=22m+20sm(2SAT)and 2B respectivily. We can see from above results that polyploidy is importment evolution tendency for these Auenaspecies. There is an increasing of karyotype unsymmetry with the ploidy raising.
关键词
燕麦属
核型
裸燕麦
进化
Avena, karyotype, Naked Oats (Avena nuda)
