氟代聚丙烯酸酯FBDH乳液防水剂的合成及其应用性能

Synthesis and performance of fluorinated polyacrylate emulsion

用红外光谱(IR)、核磁共振氢谱(1H-NMR)对氟代聚丙烯酸酯乳液主组分FBDH的结构进行了表征,然后用透射电镜(TEM)、纳米粒度仪和Zeta电位分析仪对乳液的粒径等物化指标进行了测定,并以棉织物作为应用对象,考察FBDH的应用性能。结果表明,FBDH乳液是一种平均粒径为126.2nm、Zeta电位为+21.16mV的阳离子乳液,用于棉织物的后整理,FBDH能明显改善织物的表面性能和手感。当FBDH乳液的用量为2g/100gH2O时,经其处理后的棉织物防水性可达到80分、防油等级达到6级以上。FBDH整理对棉织物的白度影响不大,但大剂量使用则会导致织物手感发硬、弯曲刚度有所增加。

A cationic fluorinated polyacrylate （FBDH） emulsion was prepared by copolymerization of dodecafluoro- heptyl methacrylate （Rf AA）, butyl acrylate （BA）, dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate（DM） and 2-hydroxypropyl acrylate （HPAA） in aqueous medium at the presence of a free-radical initiator and cationic surfactants. Chemical structure of FB- DH was characterized by infrared spectrum （IR） and 1 H nuclear resonance spectrum （1 H-NMR）, then the particle sizes and the latex distribution of the emulsion were investigated by TEM, ζ voltage analysis and other instruments. The per- formance of cotton fabrics treated by FBDH emulsion was also studied. As expected, the FEDH emulsion was cationic and of an average particle size about 126.2nm, and possessed an average latex ζ voltage of ＋21.16mV. When used in the fab- ric treatment,FBDH could modify the surface properties and the handle of the treated fabrics strongly. The water- repel- lency and oil-repellency of the treated fabrics reached to 80 and 6 degree as the dosage of FBDH emulsion was 2g in 100g H2O. FBDH had little influence on the whiteness of treated cotton fabrics, but its dosage could affect the rigidity and han- dle of treated fabrics in application. Generally, the rigidity and the stiffness of treated fabrics would more or less increase as the dosage of FBDH emulsion increased.