牡丹花蕾与花粉发育关系的研究

Study on Relationship Between the Size of Flower Buds and Pollen Development in Peony

以牡丹品种洛阳红为材料，取直径为14．18-43．68mm的花蕾，用1％的醋酸洋红压片法制片，在光学显微镜下观察花粉的发育状况。结果表明：花蕾直径在14．18-24．40mm时，花粉的发育基本处于单核早期，占总数的89．15％；直径在25．08-34．02mm时，花粉的发育主要处于单核早期到有丝分裂前期，二者占总数的62．40％；直径在35．00～43．68mm时，花粉大部分已成熟，占总数的52．75％。通过观察牡丹花蕾外观形态，可以直观确定花药发育时期，为花药单倍体培养奠定基础。

The flower buds, 14. 18-43.68 mm in diameter,were selected from the peony cultivar Luoyanghong,and their pollen grains were stained with 1% aceto-carmine and prepared the sample by using pressed method, then observed the development condition and estimate their development stages by optical microscope. When the size of the flower bud was in 14.18-24.40 mm, the pollen development stage was falled in a earlier period of monocyte,accounting for 89. 15%;in 25.08-34.02 mm,its stage was between earlier period of monocyte and karyokinesis prophase, accounting for 62. 40%;While in 35. 00- 43.68mm, its stage was pollen maturation phase, accounting for 52.75%. So, anther growth period could be estimated intuitionisticly through observing peony flower bud external appearance. And it had established foundation for anther haploid culture.