农业水资源高效利用的若干问题研究

Studies on Relevant Issues on High Efficient Use of Agricultural Water

农业水分利用效率(WUE)是消耗单位水所获得的农产品产量,是农业水资源高效利用的核心问题。综合国内外研究成果,阐述农业水分利用效率的研究尺度、计算方法和影响因素,并讨论提高WUE的主要技术措施,其中引入基于ET的科学水管理理念;分析WUE与灌溉水量、有效降水量和有效灌溉面积的关系;讨论利用WUE进行水资源利用评估时存在的问题,以及今后的研究重点。

Agricultural water use efficiency （WIDE） is the ratio of output （in most cases using yield） to water consumption,which is the core issue of agricultural water high efficient use. This article synthesized the literature released home and ahroad, represented the researching scales of agricultural water use efficiency, as well as the calculation methods and influencing factors; also this synthesis summarized techniques of improving WUE; a water management concept based on ET was particularly introduced. Besides,the relation between WUE and irrigation water amount,effective precipitation and effective irrigation area was analyzed in detail. In conclusion, the main problems were discussed when using WUE to compare water use efficiency among different regions and different crops, and the major issues that need to be further studied were pointed out.