血液透析患者健康教育失败的原因分析及对策

Analysis the failure reasons of health education in hemodialysis patients and its countermesures

目的:分析血液透析患者健康教育失败的原因,以利于克服健康教育的局限性,缩短施教者与被教者的差距,促进健康教育达到预期目标。方法:设计可能影响健康教育因素的调查表,通过对我科经健康教育后效果不佳、未达到预期目标的56例血透患者的调查,总结、分析引起健康教育失败的原因,有针对性的改进健康教育方法,完善健康教育内容。结果:患者主动性增强,能自觉配合透析治疗,遵守透析时间和透析饮食规律,营养状况改善,血红蛋白上升,透析间期和透析过程中并发症减少。结论:健康教育受多种因素的影响,医护人员有针对性的为患者实施健康教育,重视健康教育的实质和多元化性,有助于患者接受健康教育,提高血透患者健康教育的成功率。

Objective：To analyse the failure reasons of health education in hemedialysis patients, to overcome the shortcomings of health education and to cut down the distance between the educators and patients, for the purpose of achievement of health education to the expected aims. Methods： A questionnaire on some factors affecting health education was designed. 56 hemodialysis patients who hospitalized in our clinic and failed to reach the health education aims were interviewed. Reasons of failure in hemedialysis patients＇health education were summarized and analyzed, so as to improve the teaching ways and content of health education. Results：Patiants enhanced their initiative to accept the hemodialysis treatment on schedule and to have the hemodialysis diet. They had better nutrition and hemoglobin and less complication during or in the interval of hemedialysis. Conclusion： Health education was influenced by many factors,medical professionals should implement pointed health education for patient,pay attention to the essence and diversity of health education,which is beneficial for the reception and success of hemedialysis patients＇health education.