大型水母爆发对东海生态系统中上层能量平衡的影响

Impact of large jellyfish bloom on energy balance of middle and upper ecosystem in East China Sea

通过建立东海生态系统ECOPATH模型,并将大型水母作为一个独立的功能组,从能量平衡的角度探讨近年来东海大型水母爆发对生态系统的影响,并在此基础上提出抑制大型水母爆发加剧的控制机制的假说。模型分析结果表明:大型水母对中上层生物资源普遍具有显著不利影响;在大型水母、浮游动物和鲳鱼等小型中上层鱼类之间可能存在一个由大型水母爆发引发的生态系统中上层能量反馈循环;大型水母爆发初期将破坏生态系统中上层能量平衡;浮游动物生物量的波动可能是抑制大型水母爆发加剧的自然控制机制之一。

An Ecopath model covering whole territorial waters of the East China Sea （ECS） and taking large jellyfish as a separated functional group has been developed to estimate the role and impact of large jellyfish on the ECS ecosystem based on the energy balance analysis. The trophic control mechanisms of jellyfish blooms were examined with the ECS Eeopath model. The analysis of the trophic interactions was identified that：The large jellyfish blooms have the negative impact on the pelagic resources. There is a possible pelagic feedback loop triggered by the large jellyfish blooms involving large jellyfish, zooplankton and small pelagic fishes as Stromateoidae. The pelagic pathway in the ecosystem will be disrupted at the initial stage of a large jellyfish bloom. The fluctuation of zooplankton biomass might be one of the natural control mechanisms of large bloom.