基于简化内涝模型的上海城区内涝危险性评价

Assessment of waterlogging hazard in central urban area of Shanghai based on simplified urban waterlogging model

根据城市的特征,基于SCS模型和GIS空间分析功能构建了一个简化的城市内涝模型(SUWM)。该模型主要由城市地形模型、城市降雨径流模型以及GIS空间分析模型构成。选取上海市中心城区对暴雨内涝进行模拟并进行危险性评价。结果显示:①不同概率的降水引发的内涝危险性不同。总体上,降雨量越大,形成的内涝积水越深,危险性也就越大;②相同概率的降水引发的内涝危险性在不同区域也不相同。总体上,杨浦、长宁和虹口区内涝危险性最高;徐汇、普陀和闸北区内涝危险性处于中等水平;静安区、黄浦区和卢湾区内涝危险性最低。

In coastal cities, waterlogging induced by torrential rain or typhoon is more dangerous. According to the characters of urban area, we applied SCS model and the GIS spatial analysis to build a new simplified urban waterlogging model （SUWM） for waterlogging hazard assessment. This model consists of three parts, urban terrain model, urban rainfall - runoff model and GIS spatial analysis model. The central urban area of Shanghai is selected for the study of simulation and hazard assessment of storm waterlogging in this research. We draw the following conclusions and discussions ： （1） The hazard of waterlogging caused by different precipitations is different. In general, the higher the precipitation intensity, the easier to form waterlogging and the high- er frequency of waterlogging hazard. （2） For the same precipitation condition, the distribution of waterlogging risk areas shows ob- vious spatial characteristics that high hazard areas are almost located in Yangpu, Changning and Hongkou districts, medium haz- ard areas are located in Xuhui, Putuo and Zhabei districts, and low hazard areas are located in Jing＇an, Huangpu, Luwan districts.