流动人口结核病防治知识知晓率调查研究

Survey on awareness about prevention and treatment of tuberculosis among the floating population

目的掌握结核病综合防治示范区内流动人口对结核病防治知识知晓率的基础水平,为今后更有效地开展结核病防治健康教育提供方向和重点。方法在大型公益活动现场由调查研究人员对随机抽取的流动人口人群使用统一设计的结核病5条核心防治知识自填式调查问卷,由调查对象自行填答,然后进行分析。结果250人被调查研究对象中,对结核病知识的知晓率为96.4%;青年、中年和老年组人群的知晓率分别在95%至100%之间,大学、高中、初中、小学不同文化程度人群的知晓率在87.5%至100%之间;结核病防治知识信息获取的途径高低顺序为看电视47.2%、知识手册32.4%、听广播23.2%、宣传画22.0%、其他15.2%和医生讲授10.0%。结论示范区流动人口人群结核病防治知识知晓率达96.4%,说明健康教育工作取得一定成果;不同年龄组和不同文化程度人群对结核病知识知晓率没有明显差异,间接反映国家推荐的结核病防治5条核心信息简洁明了,易于被公众接受;而从公众获取结核病防治信息的渠道分析,看电视和知识手册占80%以上,因此,今后结核病健康宣传应将电视和知识手册作为主要手段来推荐应用。

Objective To investigate the awareness of prevention and treatment of TB among the floating population in Bao＇ an District, Shenzhen, where is the demonstration district of TB comprehensive prevention and control so as to guide the TB health education. Methods 250 subjects randomly sampled from floating population were enrolled to answere the uniform questionnaire. Results The awareness rate of 5 key messages on TB prevention and treatment among the floating population was 96.4%. The awareness rates were all above 95% in different age groups and above 87.5% in different education groups. The TB knowledge was obtained mainly through watching TV （47.2%）, reading knowledge manuals （32.4%）, listening to radio （23.2%）, picture posters （22.0%）, lecture provided by doctors （ 10. 0% ） and others（ 15.2% ）. Conclusion The overall awareness rate of 96.4% demonstrates satisfactory results in health education. There was no significant difference in awareness rate among various groups, supporting the promotability of the 5 key messages. Furthermore, the TV media and manuals are effective approaches for public health education on TB.