竹醋液及竹醋液复配制剂对木材霉菌的抑菌性

Antifungal characteristics of raw bamboo vinegar and bamboo vinegar preparations on wood mold

为拓宽竹醋液的用途以及开发高效低毒型竹木材保护剂,进行了竹醋原液以及竹醋液复配制剂对3种常见木材霉菌(黑曲霉Aspergillus niger,绿色木霉Trichoderma viride和橘青霉Penicillium citrinum)的抑菌性研究。结果表明:①竹醋液原液对3种木材霉菌抑菌率为99%,对木材霉菌具有直接灭杀作用,杀菌最高稀释倍数10倍。②滤纸抑菌圈试验证明,复配有效成分制成的PW1,PW2和PW3竹醋液复配制剂对木材霉菌抑菌性能比竹醋液原液明显增强,对黑曲霉、绿色木霉和橘青霉抑菌圈直径(试验第2天),竹醋原液全为0mm,PW1为18,29和17mm;PW2为23,32和20mm;PW3为19,28和16 mm。PW2对3种木材霉菌抑菌效果最强,其次是PW1,最弱是PW3。③在3种木材霉菌中,竹醋液复配制剂对绿色木霉菌抑制作用最强。

To improve the utilization of bamboo vinegar and develop highly efficient, low toxic wood and bamboo preservatives, antifungal effects on three wood molds were researched. Wood molds were Aspergillus niger, Trichoderma viride, and Penicillium citrinum and bamboo vinegar preparations of PW1 （10 g·L^-1 carbamate）, PW2 （70 g·L^-1 salts of boric acid）, and PW3 （20 g·L^-1 boric acid and 20 g·L^-1 copper sulfate）with a control as the natural bamboo vinegar were tested on antifungal effects. Results showed that （1） bamboo vinegar had a 99% inhibitory rate on the three molds even after being diluted 10 times. （2） Compounding active components greatly improved antifungal activity of the bamboo vinegar preparation with PW1, PW2, and PW3 ring sizes of： a）18, 29, and 17ram; b）23, 32, and 20 mm; and c） 19, 28, and 16 ram, respectively.（3） Among wood molds tested the preparations had the best antifungal effect on Trichoderma viride. [Ch, 6 tab. 9 ref.]