伯林对自由的区分及其深层理论旨趣

The Deep Theoretical Purport under the Distinguished Freedom by Berlin

伯林揭示积极自由和消极自由分别以一元论哲学和多元论哲学为理论基础,指出由此必然导致积极自由比消极自由更容易被滥用。因此,伯林对积极自由的批判和对消极自由的捍卫不仅表达了一种政治领域的态度,而且深层地蕴涵了一种哲学立场,即批判和反对那种具有形而上学思维方式的一元论哲学,而坚持一种多元论的哲学理论。

Berlin reveals that positive and negative freedom have different theory foundation, which is the Monism philosophy and the Pluralism philosophy. He thinks that it will lead to the positive freedom is easier to be abused than the negative freedom. Therefore, Berlin＇ s criticize to the positive freedom and his defend on the negative freedom not only expresses a political attitude but also contains a deeper philosophical standpoint, he criticizes the Monism philosophy , which has the metaphysical thinking-mode and adhere to the Pluralism philosophy theory.