“N的V”短语的语义结构

The Semantic Structure of N de V

"N的V"短语是比较特殊的一种定心短语,其语义结构具有双重性,分显层和隐层两个层面。"N的V"短语的显层语义结构是名核结构,这是考虑到"N的V"的定心句法结构形式对语义结构的制约作用和中心语V已经名物化这两个原因而确定的,可分为领属关系和限制关系两类。"N的V"短语的隐层语义结构是动核结构,这是考虑到N与V之间的确还保留有施事、受事与动核的语义联系以及"N的V"短语是由上文中的主谓句转化来的这两个原因而确定的,可分为施动关系、准施动关系、受动关系、成动关系、使动关系、系动关系、状动关系等7类。

N de V is a kind of modifier - head phrase with meanings explicit and implicit. The explicit meaning oI the phrase is characteristic of a noun - nuclear structure denoting possessive and restrictive relation, mainly due to the restriction of syntactic structure of N de V to its semantic structure, as well as the nominalization of the head V. The implicit meaning of the phrase is a verb - nuclear struc- ture denoting relations of agent - action, pseudo - agent - action, patient - action, accomplishment - action, cause - action, copular - action, adverbial - action, partly because of the agent - action and patient - action relation between N and V, partly because of the fact that N de V phrase is the transformation of subject - predicate sentence in the context.