试论《诗经》中的“企慕情境”

On the Sehnsucht in the Book of Songs

钱钟书先生在《管锥编》中率先提出了《诗经》中的"企慕情境"一说,它并不仅限于男女怀意,一切人们为之憧憬、向往的事物,而又不能如愿以偿者,都会产生这种"距离怅惘"。"企慕情境"在《诗经》的诸多诗篇中都有鲜明表现,根据其表达的情感内容的不同,可以分成三类:一是男女之间的企慕,二是对贤士的企慕,三是对家乡的企慕。这些篇目,在"企慕情境"的表达上采用了不同的艺术构思,各有侧重,各具特色。

Qian Zhongshu first cited the Sehnsueht of the Book of Songs in Guanzhuibian .Sehnsucht is not confined to man and woman and express the all things which we yearn for and couldn＇t get. It has sharp expressions in some poetries of the Book of Songs .According to the different emotion expression, sehnsueht could be grouped into three types： admiration between man and woman ,admiration for distinguished man, admiration for hometown.