英语反义形容词标记对立的原型效应

Prototypical Effects in Markedness of English Adjective Antonyms

标记性(markedness)是语言中的对立、不对称现象。它普遍存在于人类语言中,并且广泛存在于语言的各个层面。在反义形容词词对的对立中,它体现得最为明显。文章结合认知语言学中的原型范畴理论,分析和阐释英语反义形容词词对的不对称现象,进而初步揭示语言中标记现象的认知理据。

Markedness （asymmetry） is a common phenomenon in language. It exists on every linguistic level, especially in the asymmetric contrast between pairs of adjective opposition. This paper is to analyze and interpret this kind of asymmetry in terms of prototype theory in cognitive linguistics, and thus to prove the cognitive motivation in linguistic markedness.