褐绿色型与野生色型坛紫菜杂交产生嵌合体及其选育

Study on Chimeras and Breeding from Hybridization of the Breen-type and the Wild-type Porphyra haitanensis

以野生型坛紫菜为父本,人工选育的褐绿色型坛紫菜为母本进行杂交实验,获得大量的单色体和嵌合体,在其子一代中随机抽取1 147株藻体进行统计分析,并对生长性状好的藻体进行选育培养,结果显示:1)嵌合体色泽:主要为野生色+褐绿色、野生色+褐绿色+野生色、褐绿色+野生色+褐绿色;2)嵌合体的比例:单一色型藻体占14.5%,2种色泽相嵌的嵌合体占73.9%,3种色泽的嵌合体占10.6%,4种色泽的嵌合体占1.1%;3)嵌合方式:点状、线型、"V"字型、"W"字型和小叶片型等;4)通过营养细胞酶解和单性生殖所获得的单色藻体c,经培养后F1和F2代遗传性状比较稳定,有望筛选成为新的品系.

The breen-type gained from artificial breeding and the wild-type Porphyra haitanensis were re- spectively used as female and male parent for hybridization, and lots of monochromatic thalli and chimeras were obtained. Further more, 1 147 strains of F1 seedlings were taken as examples and thalli with good growth trait were selected and cultured. The results indicated： 1 ） Colors of the chimera： wild and breen; wild, breen and wild; breen, wild and breen; 2） Percentage of chimeras： The chimeras with mono color accounted for 14. 5%, with two colors accounted for 73.9 %, those with three colors accounted for 10. 6 % and those with four colors I. 1% ; 3 ） Chimeric patterns： spot type, line type, ＂V＂ type, ＂W＂ type, blade type; 4） Monochromatic thalli c strain was obtained from enzymolysis and parthenogenesis, and its heritable traits, including F1 and F2, were fairly stable. Monochromatic thalli c strain had ordinary economic traits and would be selected to be a new Porphyra strain.