大跨越输电塔的结构优化分析

Structural optimization of large-scale transmission towers

为了研究和解决大跨越输电塔的优化设计问题,以结构截面、根开和腰部尺寸为设计变量,以结构质量为经济性优化目标,以结构各构件应力比差的平方和为等强度优化目标,提出了经济性等强度优化设计方案,建立了优化目标函数,并采用APDL语言编制了相应的优化程序,利用基于共轭梯度法的一阶优化算法对优化目标函数进行了求解.优化计算结果表明,经济性优化设计方案侧重于节省钢材,等强度优化设计方案则侧重于结构的等可靠性,而经济性等强度优化设计方案既可以满足工程的经济性要求,又可以适当提高结构的整体安全性.

For the structural optimization of large-scale transmission towers, the dimensions of rods, bases and waists were regarded as the design variables, the structural mass was considered the objective of the economic optimization, and the quadratic sum of stress ratio differences of various structural components was regarded as the objective of equalstrength optimization. Accordingly, an equal-strength improved method based on the economic optimization model was proposed, and the relevant optimum objective function was established. The corresponding optimum program was compiled using the ANSYS parametric design language （APDL）, and the optimum objective function was solved by the first order algorithm based on the conjugate gradient method. The calculated results indicate that the economic optimum design scheme highlights saving of steels, and the equal-strength optimum design scheme emphasizes the equal reliability of structures. The proposed equal-strength improved method based on the economic optimization model can satisfy the economic requirements of projects and improve the safety and reliability of structures.