论对外汉字教学中字与词的关系

Character-word relationship in characters-centered teaching

"字本位"的提出是对对外汉语教学策略的认识的重要转折,但字本位强调的应该是词汇教学中对单个字的重视,而不能忽视或排斥词的教学。大量不能单独成词的汉字的存在,字义的不确定性,以词为单位的阅读认知,都使汉字教学离不开词汇教学。根据成年学生的认知特点汉字教学应是两个层级的分析型教学:对合成词内部结构的分析,对单个字内部的部件的分析。

The introduction of ＂Characters - Centered Teaching＂ was instrumental in promoting the understanding of TCFL （Teaching Chinese as a Foreign Language） strategies. However, what ＂Characters-Centered Teaching＂ emphasizes should be focusing on single characters in vocabulary teaching without ignoring or even rejecting the teaching of Chinese words. The existence of a large number of single morpheme words, uncertainty of character meaning and the cognition of Chinese words all make the teaching of Chinese words indispensable to vocabulary, teaching. In view of cognition characteristics of adult students, the teaching of Chinese characters should comprise two levels of analytical teaching： analysis of internal structural of compound words and analysis of internal structural of morpheme words.