试论杂草稻起源之谜——介绍“西北粳”

On the Mystery of the Origin of Weedy Rice——Introduction of Xibeijing

杂草稻已在很多国家被发现,在国内也在很多地方出现,这给水稻生产造成了严重危害。关于它的起源之谜,国内外众说纷纭。本文作者指出,杂草稻的形态特征和生理特性在很多方面与"西北粳"相似,例如落粒性强,米红色、具有较强的耐低温发芽特性、幼苗生长旺盛等等,但也有不同之处,即杂草稻颖壳深棕色,千粒重较低,耐肥性和抗病性较强。因此作者提出杂草稻很可能是由"西北粳"和现代改良粳稻品种杂交,其后代经过自然选择和人工选择而成。文章介绍了"西北粳"的特征和特性,并指出它是一种优良的遗传资源。

Weedy rice has been found in many countries, and also appeared in many parts of the country, which caused serious loss to rice production. With regard to the origin of＇ weedy rice, different opinions raised at home and abroad. In this paper, the authors pointed out that the morphology and physiological characteristics of weeds rice were similar with Xibeijing, a japonica rice species in northwestern area of China in many respects, such as strong shattering, red skin of brown rice, stronger resistance to low-temperature at germination, and fast seedling growth, However, there are also some differences, that is, weeds rice had dark brown chaff, low thousand grain weight and stronger disease and fertilizer resistance. Therefore, the authors proposed that weedy rice be likely to be the offspring from the cross between Xibeijing and modern improved varieties through natural and artificial selection. The characteristics of Xibeijing were introduced and it was suggested a good inheritance germplasm.