贫困大学生和非贫困大学生心理问题发生率的多重比较研究

Multi-comparison of Incidence of Mental Problems between the Impoverished and Non-impoverished Undergraduates

目的了解我校贫困学生存在的具体心理问题,为切实做好我校贫困学生的心理辅导工作提供依据。方法采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)测量63名贫困学生和170名非贫困学生,比较2组学生心理问题检出率和SCL-90测量的结果。统计方法采用独立样本的t检验、成组比较资料分析的χ2检验和比值比(OR)统计。结果贫困学生有中度或中度以上的心理问题的学生10名(15.87%),非贫困学生有中度或中度以上的心理问题的学生12名(7.06%),2组比较差异有显著性(χ2=4.176,P<0.05;OR=2.489,95%CI=1.035～5.984);贫困学生和非贫困学生SCL-90测量结果的总分、总均分、阳性项目数、人际敏感、精神病性、焦虑、抑郁、躯体化症状因子差异有显著性(t=2.101～3.666,P=0.000～0.039),其中以人际敏感差异最显著。结论贫困学生的心理问题发生率是非贫困学生的1.035～5.984倍,以人际关系敏感为主要问题。

Objective To explore the concrete mental problems of the impoverished undergraduates in our university and to provide some theoretical basis for improving the mental guidance to the impoverished undergraduates in our university. Methods A total of 63 impoverished undergraduates and 170 non-impoverished undergraduates were tested by symptom cheek list 90 （SCL-- 90）. The results of SCL--90 and the percentage of the undergraduates＇ mental problems between the two groups were compared . Results A total of 10 impoverished undergraduates （15. 87%） had suffered from medium or above-medium mental problems while a total of 12 non-impoverished undergraduates（7.06%） had suffered from such problems. The difference in the comparison of the two groups had significant meaning （Zz=4. 176,P〈0. 05; OR=2. 489,95% ,CI= 1. 035-5. 984）. From the results of SCL --90 in the impoverished undergraduates and non-impoverished undergraduates, the difference in the total marks, the total average marks,the number of the positive, interpersonal sensitivity, psychotic, anxiety, depression and somatization had significant meaning （t = 2. 101~ 3. 666 ,P= 0. 000-0. 039）. Among them the interpersonal sensitivity was the most significant. Conclusion Apparently the impoverished undergraduates＇ mental problems are more serious than those of non-impoverished undergraduates, especially in the interpersonal sensitivity.