对阿尔都塞的马克思理论反人道主义思想的质疑

Question"Marx's theory of anti-humanism"of Althusser's thoughts

阿尔都塞以1845年为界把马克思的思想割裂为人道主义的意识形态和以反人道主义为核心的历史科学,认为只有后者才是真正的马克思。这种划分在凸现马克思的哲学革命在哲学史上的颠覆性意义的同时却割裂了马克思思想的内在统一性。本文以阿尔都塞极力推崇的《德意志意识形态》为文本依据,指出:作为中心和目的的自由的人与作为生产关系载体的现实的人在《形态》中是不可分割的,1845年之后马克思的思想是科学的人道主义。文章最后以马克思的人道主义思想为基础指出其当代价值。

Althusser take 1845 as the boundary and then devide Marx＇s thoughts into two parts. One is the the ideology of humanism. The other is the historical science which take anti - humanism as its core. And only the latter is a true Marxist. This division high-lights Marx＇s philosophical revolution in the history of philosophy. At the same time, it dissevers the inner unity of Marx＇s thoughts. Based on ＂ German ideology＂ which is highly recommended by Althusser, this paper point out： There are three levers of inherent unity of Marx humanism. It＇s indivisible between the free man who is central and the man in social relationships who acts as a carrier of relations of production in ＂ German ideology＂. At the end, based on humanism of Marx＇s thoughts, this paper points out its contemporary value.