五倍子、乌梅等45种中草药提取物对锯缘青蟹致病弧菌的抑菌作用研究

Antibacterial Effect of Fourty-five Chinese Herb Extractions to Vibrio Isolates from Mud Crab,Scylla serrata(Forskl)

取五倍子、乌梅等45种中草药,分别采用水提取法和醇提取法制备提取液,除菌后滴加至Φ6mm空白药敏滤纸片上,制成试验用药敏纸片。测试了提取物对拟态弧菌SM060818、梅氏弧菌SM060813、霍利斯弧菌SM060913等3种分离自锯缘青蟹体外抑菌的效果。结果表明:所试验的45种中药提取物中,有28种中药提取物对试验弧菌表现有抑菌作用;其中五倍子、乌梅、秦皮、艾叶中药提取物抑菌作用较好,对3种菌株均有较好抑菌效果;天冬、白头翁、赤芍、金银花、黄精、黄柏、青蒿等11种中草药提取物仅对2种菌株有较好抑制作用,千里光、穿心莲等17种中药提取物对弧菌无抑制作用;大部分中药抑菌活性成份均为水溶性提取物,青蒿存在明显的醇溶性抑菌物质。测定了五倍子等9种中药提取物对致病弧菌的最低抑菌浓度(MIC),五倍子、乌梅和天冬3种药物对拟态弧菌和梅氏弧菌的MIC分别为0.172mg/mL、0.461mg/mL、1.042mg/mL,对霍利斯弧菌的MIC分别为0.086mg/mL、0.922mg/mL和1.042mg/mL,有较好的抑菌作用。

45 species of Chinese herbs were extracted by water dip or ethanol dip respectively, and these herb extractions were used for antibacterial activity （ABA） tests by Disc diffusion test （K-B test） against vibrio strains isolated from diseased mud crab, Scylla serrata. 28 herb extractions showed ABA to more than one ribrio isolates, and extractions of Chineses gallnut, Fuctus Mume, Cortex fraxini and Argy wormwood leaf showed good ABA to all three tested vibrio strains, V. minicus SM060818, V. metschnikovii SM060813. and V. hollisae SM060913. Asparagus Cochinchinensis, Chinese Pulsaiilla Root, Radix paeoniae rubra etc., showed ABA to one or two isolates, while climbing groundsel and other 16 herbs showed no ABA to all three isolates. Most antibacterial extractions were water solubility, but Artemisia annua L.gave strong antibacterial activity to Vibrio spp isolates in ethanol solubility extraction. The minimum inhibition concentration （MIC） of 9 herb extractions with strong ABA was tested for tests. The results showed that MIC of extractions from Chineses gallnut, Fuctus Mume and Asparagus Cochinchinensis to V. minicus/V, metschnikovii were 0.172 mg/mL, 0.461 mg/mL, 1.042 mg/mL, and to V. hollisae 0.086 mg/mL, 0.922 mg/mL and 1.042 mg/mL, respectively, which showed good inhibition to vibrio strains isolated from disease mud.