中国劳动力供需失衡的统计监测研究

A Study on Statistical Monitor of Imbalance between Chinese Labor Supply and Demand

针对中国缺乏农村失业率统计数据的情况,设计一个能够反映劳动力供需总量失衡和结构失衡的监测体系,该监测体系中既有反映劳动力资源和使用失衡的指标,也有反映劳动力市场供需状况的指标。综合指数合成过程中,在各指标加权之前先对各指标进行了标准化,使各指标量纲相同,实现了监测体系内各指标横向纵向均可比。研究认为:2001-2007年中国的劳动力供需失衡状况在好转;城镇新增劳动力就业越来越困难;劳动力市场供需失衡和劳动力供需结构失衡程度在下降;中国劳动力供需总量失衡比结构失衡更加严重。

In the literature, we construct a monitoring system, which can reflect gross imbalance and structural imbalance of labor supply and demand. The monitoring system includes indexes which not only can show the imbalance between labor use and labor resources, but also can show the labor market supply and demand situation. In the synthesis of comprehensive index, before index weighting, we standardized all of the indexes, by doing this, indexes with the same dimension are achieved, and so indexes are comparable both horizontal and vertical. The results show that from 2001 to 2007, the imbalance between labor supply and demand in China is improving, but employment of the new added urban labor are going more and more difficult, the imbalance between supply and demand in labor market and imbalance of labor structure are easing, the gross imbalance is more serious than the structural imbalance and so on.