2008年汶川大地震后双流县饮用水卫生状况调查

Investigation on Hygienic Status of Drinking Water in Shuangliu County after Wenchuan Earthquake in 2008

[目的]了解2008年汶川大地震后双流县饮用水的卫生状况,以便提出相应的应对措施,为今后处理类似突发事件提供参考。[方法]对双流县集中式供水、农村分散式供水和灾民安置点的饮用水进行卫生学调查,采集集中式供水的出厂水、管网水,部分农村分散式供水的井水进行水质检测,并与地震前和地震恢复期的水质检测结果比较。[结果]地震后,双流县集中式供水系统受到不同程度的损坏,分散式供水设施被破坏,部分水质恶化。集中式供水的管网水、出厂水与农村分散式供水的井水合格率,震后初期分别为91.30%、81.16%、44.56%,地震前分别为95.12%、75.00%、49.18%(P>0.05);震后恢复期分别为92.44%、81.82%、51.06%,与地震前无明显变化(P>0.05)。水质不合格项目主要是总大肠菌群、菌落总数、耐热大肠菌群、色度、浑浊度、铁、锰、余氯,合格率分别为87.37%、90.78%、93.40%、98.86%、96.36%、93.75%、98.61%、96.93%。[结论]汶川大地震后双流县饮用水水质变化不大。

[Objective]To understand hygienic status of drinking water in Shuangliu county after Wenchuan earthquake in 2008, to make countermeasures, provide reference to deal with public health emergencies in the future. [Methods] Hygienic survey was conducted for drinking water from centralized water supply,decentralized water supply in rural areas and drinking water samples from victims settlements. Water quality examination was conducted for factory water, water from pipe network and well water in rural areas. The result was compared with the examination result of the water quality before the earthquake and during the restoration period. [Results]Centralized water supply system was viriously destroyed after earthquake,Facilities of decentralized water supply was destroyed, the quality of water was deteriorated. The qualified rate of water from pipe network,factory water and well water was 91.30%,81.16% and 44.56% at the initial period after earthquake,95.12%,75.00% and 49.18%（ P 〉0.05） before earthquake,92.44% ,81.82% and 51.06% during restoration period after earthquake. There was no difference before and after earthquake（ P 〉0.05）. The qualified rate of coil group, total amount of colony, heat-resistant coil-form, chrominance, turbidity, iron, manganese, and residual chlorine was 87. 37% ,90. 78%,93.40% ,98.86%,96. 36%,93. 57%,98.61% and 96. 93% respectively, [Conclusion]There was no obviously change on the quality of drinking water in Shuangliu county after earthquake.