对患者的教育管理在哮喘疗效中的作用研究

Research on Curative Effect of Patient Education and Management on Patients with Asthma

[目的]探讨对患者的教育管理在支气管哮喘(简称哮喘)治疗中的作用。[方法]对在门诊确诊的哮喘患者制订个体化治疗方案,进行系统化的教育管理,教会患者正确应用吸入药物,正确使用微型峰流速仪,记哮喘日记。接受系统化教育管理并坚持1年疗程的65例为教育组,与接受同样治疗方法而没有进入系统化教育管理的患者46例相对照,对比两组患者的治疗效果。[结果]治疗3个月时教育组症状改善情况等明显好于对照组(P<0.05或P<0.01),峰流速值(PEFR)占预计值的百分比明显高于对照组(P<0.01),1年中因哮喘急性发作而急诊的次数教育组明显少于对照组(P<0.01),1年时教育组治疗的总有效率(96.9%)明显高于对照组(67.4%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);临床控制率(73.7%)显著高于对照组(4.3%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。[结论]当实施了正确的治疗方案后,患者的教育管理是制约哮喘治疗效果的关键因素。

[Objective]To explore curative effect of patient education and management on patient with bronchial asthma （asthma）. [Methods]Individualized treatment plan was made and systematic education and management was conducted for clinically confirmed patients with asthma. To give the instruction in using inhalation and mini peak expiratory flow meters and writing asthma notes. The curative effect was compared in the 2 groups of education group among 65 cases after systematic education and management as well as 1 year treatment with control group among 46 cases receiving the same therapy but without systematic education and management. [Results]The symptoms were improved obviously in education group than that in control group after 3 month treatment （ P 〈0.01）. Peak expiratory flow rate（PEFR） predicted percent （%） in education group was significantly higher than that in control group（ P 〈0.01）, the emergency times was less in education group than that in control group in 1 year （ P 〈0.01） The effective rate was 96.9% in education group and 67.4 % in control group, there was a difference between two groups（ P 〈0.01）. The clinical control rate was 73.9% and 4.3% in the 2 groups respectively （ P 〈0.01）. There was a difference （ P d0.01）. [Conclusion]Patient education and management is a key factor in curative effect on patients with asthma after the implementation of right treatment.