新公共管理对官僚制是摒弃还是扬弃——基于制度层面的思考

Relations between New Public Management and Bureaucracy System:An Institutional Analysis

新公共管理是20世纪70年代以后西方各国先后开展的以"企业家政府"为理论模型、以市场化运作模式和私营部门的管理为研究方法、以提高政府工作效率为目的的一项改革运动。新公共管理对政府流程再造的初期的确发挥了一定的作用,提高了行政效率,但是仍然无法改变官僚制的人事制度。新公共管理所提出的私营部门的管理方法,只是对官僚制的修正与补充,是对官僚制的扬弃,而不是摒弃。

New public management was a revolutionary movement to improve government efficiency. It grew up since the 1970s with the rising of ＂entrepreneur government＂ in the Western society, and its research method was based on market - oriented operations and management of private sectors. New public management plays a partial role in the early stage of the governmental reengineering, but it could not change the personnel system in the bureaucracy. Thus, the management practices of private sector that the new public management formulated are correction and complement, i.e. , the sublation not discard of the traditional bureaucracy system.