蜡油加氢反应器第一周期工况突变原因分析

Cause analysis for a sudden change in operational state of a 36 000 b/d gas oil hydrotreating unit at the end of first cycle

从操作因素和催化剂物性数据两方面对镇海炼化分公司1.8 Mt/a蜡油加氢脱硫装置反应器第一周期末保护剂床层压力降上升和催化剂活性下降为特征的工况突变原因进行了详细分析,发现在第一周期运行末期,存在苛刻度提高、原料金属超标、过滤器失效、频繁非正常停工等客观因素。其中,频繁的非正常停工促使压力降上升、活性下降拐点的形成。导致保护剂床层压力降上升的具体原因为:保护剂破碎、结块、积炭和金属沉积。导致主催化剂活性下降的主要原因是催化剂严重积炭。

The sudden changes in operational state which were characterized by the increase of pressure drop in guard catalyst bed and decrease of catalyst activity at the end of first cycle of the reactor of the 36 000 b/d gas oil hydrotreating unit in Zhenhai Refining ＆ Chemical Company were studied in detail in respect of operating factors and physical properties of catalysts. The analysis concluded that, at the end of first cycle, the unit experienced higher operating severity, excessive heavy metal in the feed, filter failures and frequent Un- scheduled shutdowns of the unit. The frequent unscheduled shutdown promoted the formation of inflection points of pressure drop increase and catalyst activity reduction. The specific causes of pressure drop increase in guard catalyst bed were the crushing, agglomeration and coke and metal deposition on guard catalysts. The reduction of main catalyst activity was due to the serious carbon deposition on the catalysts