锻炼行为生态学模型的理论阐释及展望

Evolvement and Interpretation of Ecological Model for Promoting Physical Activity

目前,个体水平锻炼行为改变理论和干预已成为锻炼行为促进研究的主流。虽然这些理论对个体锻炼行为是重要的,然而不能有效促进锻炼行为的长期维持以及群体锻炼行为的改变。锻炼行为生态学理论的发展为解决这一问题提供了新思路。该模型描述锻炼行为是环境场合、生物和心理因素交互影响的结果。从理论背景、理论基础和理论演变等方面对锻炼行为生态学模型进行了分析,并诠释了模型建构,最后提出了未来研究导向。

At present, researches and interventions have focused on individual theoretical perspectives in the physical activity promotion arena. These theory aimed at changing physical activity levels of individuals or small groups have demonstrated important and efficacious, however, limited success in promoting long-term maintenance and unlikely to bring about population - wide change. As a result, development of ecological model of physical activity behavior gives a new thought to understand and increase physical activity. This model portrays physical activity behavior as being influenced by interplay between environmental settings and biological and psychological factors. This article presents the theoretical background and basic of ecological models of physical activity behavior and its evolvement, and makes clear its theoretical construction.