仿蝇飞行器性能分析及参数优化

Performance analysis and parameters optimization of fly-like aircraft

采用改进的准定常气动力和能耗估算方法,对仿蝇布局微型飞行器的结构参数和运动学参数进行了优化,估算了不同尺度样例飞行器的气动力和能耗.结果表明:①仿蝇气动布局更加适合厘米级、毫米级的飞行器,翼展大于3.75 cm时,其性能相对于同尺度的常规布局飞行器不再有优势.②仿蝇布局飞行器的最优运动学参数为:对称转动模式的转动周期为0.2T^0.25T;扑动加减速周期为0.15T^0.2T;平动迎角取值范围25°~30°.增大扑动幅度可以降低扑动频率,但低扑动频率不能产生足够升力时,要减小扑动幅度,增大扑动频率.

With revised quasi-steady aerodynamic estimation and energy exhaustion methods, the fabric and kinematics parameters of fly-like aircraft were optimized. Firstly, the aerodynamic and energy exhaustion of several example fly-like aircrafts was computed with revised quasi-steady aerodynamic. And then, the minimal energy exhaustion of different flight states and longest flight time together with its optimal kinematics parameters was counted with number inserting approach. The result is as follows. 1） Fly-like aerodynamic structure is more preferable to aircraft with size of several centimeters and millimeters, but its capacity is not superior to routine structure when its wingspan is more than 3.75 centimeters. 2） The optimal kinematics parameters of fly-like aircraft are： the rotation is symmetric and its duration of flip is 0.2T-0.25T; acceleration and deceleration duration of stroke is 0.15T-0.2T;mid-stroke angle of attack is 25-30 degrees; the stroke amplitude should be greater when possible, and only when current frequency couldn＇t render adequate lifting force can the stroke amplitude be advisably reduced for augmenting the frequency.