石油烃的厌氧生物降解对油藏残余油气化开采的启示

Anaerobic Biodegradation of Petroleum Hydrocarbons and Enlightenment of the Prospects for Gasification of Residual Oil

利用微生物将油藏中难以动用的原油就地转化为甲烷,以天然气的形式开采、或作为战略资源就地储备,从而大幅度提高油气资源的利用率,是当前国际上研究的前沿课题。本文综述了石油烃厌氧生物降解转化为甲烷的菌群结构、反应热力学和反应动力学等基础科学问题的最新研究进展,讨论了油藏残余油气化开采技术的可行性及开发潜力,提出了该技术进一步研究的方向。

Abstract： The conversion of residual oil to natural gas by anaerobic microorganisms could substantially im- prove the exploitation and utilization of oil resources. The recovery of methane gas as an alternate form of energy from unrecoverable crude oil may offer a route to economic production of energy from petroleum reservoirs. This review summarizes recent progress about microbial communities, reactions thermodynamics and kinetics involved in the anaerobic biodegradation of petroleum hydrocarbons and the subsequent conversion to methane gas. The feasibility and potential for energy recovery via methanogenesis of residual oil is also discussed. Furthermore, we provide new insights for further studies about this forefront technology.