救援官兵地震1周年后创伤后应激障碍发生率及相关因素

Investigation on prevalence and related risk factors of post traumatic stress disorder in rescue troops one year after Wenchuan earthquake

目的调查汶川地震1周年后救援官兵创伤后应激障碍（FFSD）的现患率。方法采用自编一般情况问卷、创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）症状清单平民版（PCL-C）、症状自评量表（SCL-90）、简易应对方式问卷（SCSQ）、艾森克个性问卷（EPQ）组成调查表，于汶川地震1周年时对1176名参加抗震救灾部队官兵进行测试。以PCL—C、SCL-90部分因子作为心理健康状况评定指标，用t检验、相关分析探讨其相关影响因素。结果1周年后救援官兵PTSD现患率为3．45％。SCL-90量表中躯体化因子分[（1．43±0．57）分]、EPQ中内外向[（12．50±3．79）分]、SCSQ中积极应对[（2．05±0．71）分]分值均显著高于全军常模（P〈0．01或P〈0．05），SCL-90量表中焦虑、抑郁、EPQ中神经质、SCSQ中消极应对分值均显著低于全军常模（P〈0．01）。FrSD组情绪更不稳定、更多地采用消极的应对方式。PCL-C总分与SCL-90中躯体化、焦虑和抑郁因子分及EPQ中神经质因子和消极应对分值呈显著正相关（P〈0．01），与EPQ中内外向因子、积极应对分值呈显著负相关（P〈0．01）。结论汶川地震1周年后救援官兵PTSD现患率为3．45％，官兵整体心理健康状况良好；具有神经质、内向性的个体及低年资、低文化程度的救援军人是心理干预的重点人群。

Objective To investigate the prevalence rate and the related risk factors of post traumatic stress disorder （PTSD） in rescue troops one year after Wenchuan earthquake as science proofs of mental intervention. Methods 1176 officers/soldiers from rescue troops were tested with the questionnaire composed by General state of health questionnaire, PTSD Checklist-Civilian Version（ PCL-C）, Symptom Checklist-90（ SCL-90）, simple coping style questionnaire （SCSQ） and Eysenck Personality Questionnaire （EPQ）. Students＇ t test and correlation analysis were used to study the risk factors. Results One year after Wenchuan earthquake, the prevalence rate of PTSD was 3.45%. Compared with the norms of Chinese serviceman, some evaluative indexes＇ scores, including somatization（ 1.43 ± 0.57 ）, exterior （ 12.50 ± 3.79 ）/interior and positive response factors （ 2.05 ± 0.71 ）, were higher（P〈 0.05）, at the same time some evaluative indexes＇scores, such as anxiety,depression, nervousness and negative response factor, were obviously lower（P 〈 0.01 ）. Correlation analysis showed total score of PLC-C was positively correlated with somatization, anxiety, depression and negative response factors, separately （P 〈 0.01 ）, but negatively correlated with exterior/interior and positive response factors, separately （P 〈 0. 01 ）. Conclusion The psychological status of the earthquake-rescuers is basically normal one year after Wenchuan earthquake. The younger soldiers with less education,who have nervous ,introversive character,are the emphasis crowd.