饲粮中不同油脂对生长鸡组织脂质含量及其脂肪酸组成的影响

Effectof Different Dietary Oilson the Contentand Fatty Acid Composition of Tissue Lipid in Growing Chicks

试验选用 4周龄来航鸡雄雏研究饲粮中添加含不同饱和度和双键位置的脂肪酸的油脂对生长鸡组织脂质成分含量及其脂肪酸组成的影响。结果表明 :与饲粮中添加 6%富含软脂酸( 16:0 )和油酸 ( 18:0 n 9)的棕榈油 ( 1组 )比较 ,添加 6%的富含亚油酸 ( 18:2 n 6)的红花油 ( 2组 )、 6%的富含 α-亚麻酸 ( 18:3n 3)的亚麻油 ( 3组 )、 3%的红花油 +3%的亚麻油( 4组 )以及 3%的亚麻油 +3%的富含二十碳五烯酸 ( 2 0 :5n 3,EPA)和二十二碳六烯酸 ( 2 2 :6n 3,DHA)的鱼油 ( 5组 )不同程度地降低鸡肝脏和血清胆固醇酯、游离胆固醇和磷脂的含量 ;富含 n 3系列多不饱和脂肪酸 ( n 3PUFA)的油脂 (亚麻油和鱼油 )还降低鸡肝脏和血清三酰甘油的含量 ,显示出比富含 n 6系列多不饱和脂肪酸 ( n 6PUFA)的油脂 (红花油 )更强的降血脂效果。肝脏、血清脂质成分和腹脂的脂肪酸组成受饲粮油脂脂肪酸组成的影响 ,与棕榈油比较 ,富含 PUFA的油脂可降低软脂酸和单不饱和脂肪酸 (油酸 )的比例、提高 PUFA的比例 ;与红花油比较 ,富含 n 3PUFA的亚麻油和鱼油可降低 n 6PUFA (亚油酸和花生四烯酸 )的比例 ,增加 n 3PUFA ( α-亚麻酸和 EPA)的比例 ;亚麻油中的 α 亚麻酸在体内可能转化为长链 n3PUFA,然而鱼油中的长链 n 3PUFA ( EPA和

Four week old White Leghorn male chicks were used to study the effect of dietary fatty acids with different number and position of double bond on the content and fatty acid composition of lipids in the liver and serum of growing chicks. Birds supplemented with 6 % safflower oil rich in linoleic acid(1 8∶ 2 n 6 ) ,6 % linseed oil rich inα linolenic aci(1 8∶ 3n 3) ,3% safflower oil+ 3% linseed oil,or3% linseed oil+ 3% fish oil rich in eicosapentaenoic(2 0∶ 5 n 3) and docosahexaenoic acid (2 2∶ 6 n 3) had lower levels of cholesterolester,free cholesteroland phospholipid in the liver and serum than those supplemented with6 % palm oilrich in palmitic(1 6∶ 0 ) and oleic acid(1 8∶ 1 n 9) .Triacylglycerol levelswere also decreased by supplementing oil (linseed oiland fish oil ) with n 3polyunsaturated fatty acid (n 3PUFA) .These results showed thatdietary n 3PUFA had strongereffectin lowering the levels of tissue lipids than n 6 PUFA. The fatty acid compositions of the various lipid fractions in the liver,serum and abdominal fat were affected by the profile of the dietary oils.Levels of palmitic and oleic acid were decreased,while levels of PUFA were increased compared with birds supplemented with palm oil,in those supplemented with oils rich in n 6 or n 3PUFA.Levels of n 6 PUFAs,i.e.,linoleic(1 8∶ 2 n 6 ) and arachidonic acid(2 0∶ 4n 6 ) were decreased, while levels of n 3PUFAs were increased compared with birdssupplemented with saffloweroil, in those supplemented with oils rich in n- 3PUFA.The n 3PUFAs with very long chain from fish oil were more effective in incorporation into tissue lipids of poultry than those derived fromα linolenic acid of linseed oil.