江西省4种水稻土养分限制因子的初步研究

Preliminary Study on the Limiting Nutrient Factors in Four Paddy Soils in Jiangxi Province

对来自江西农业大学农学实验站、余干县梅岗乡、余干县华林岗乡及星子县廖化镇等４种水稻土，进行实验室分析与吸附试验，并在此基础上确定温室盆栽试验方案，研究４种土壤的养分状况及对高粱生长的影响，为制订水稻施肥方案提供参数依据。结果表明，江西农业大学实验站水稻土主要缺Ｐ，Ｎ，Ｋ，Ｓ，Ｍｏ，Ｚｎ，Ｂ，Ｍｇ等，盆栽不施这些元素，相对产量分别是１７．９％，２９．１％，４１．８％，５３．７％，５８．２％，５８．２％，６０．４％，６３．４％。余干县梅岗乡水稻土主要缺Ｐ，Ｎ，Ｃａ，Ｓ，Ｋ，Ｚｎ，Ｂ，Ｃｕ，Ｍｇ等，盆栽不施这些元素，相对产量分别是２８．８％，３０．３％，４０．１％，６２．１％，７１．２％，７４．２％，７５．８％，７８．８％，７８．８％。余干县华林岗乡水稻土主要缺Ｐ，Ｎ，Ｓ，Ｋ，Ｚｎ，盆栽不施这些元素，相对产量分别是４１．０％，４１．５％，４５．７％，５１．３％，５８．０％；星子县廖化镇水稻土主要缺乏Ｎ，Ｐ，Ｂ，Ｚｎ，Ｓ，Ｍｇ，盆栽不施这些元素，相对产量分别是１７．５％，２４．０％，６２．７％，６４．１％，６４．５％，６６．８％。

Laboratory analysis and sorption studies were conducted with the soils from the Agronomic experimental station of Jiangxi Agricultural University (JAU), Meigang and Hualingang town of Yugan County, Liaohua town of Xingzi County in Jiangxi Province, on basis of which a greenhouse pot experiment plan was designed and executed. The effects of the four kinds of soils on sorghum growth were analysed. The results will provided a guidance for fertilizer management. Results showed that P,N,K,S,Mo,Zn,B,Mg,etc. were the mainly limiting factors in the soil from JAU and the relative yields were 17.9%, 29.1%, 41.8%, 53.7%, 58.2%, 58.2%, 60.4% and 63.4%, if these elements were not applied into the soil respectivly; P,N,Ca,S,K,Zn,B,Cu,Mg etc, were the mainly limiting factors in Meigang soil and the relative yields were 28.8%, 30.3%, 40.1%, 62.1%, 71.2%, 74.2%, 75.8%, 78.8% and 78.8% without application of these elements, P,N,S,K,Zn etc. were limiting factors in Hualingang soil and the relative yields were 41.0%, 41.5%, 45.7%, 51.3% and 58.0% without application of these elements, and N,P,B,Zn,S,Mg etc, were the limiting factors in Liaohua soil and the relative yields were 17.5%, 24.0%, 62.7%, 64.1%, 64.5% and 66.8% without application of these elements.