来访者对心理咨询或治疗师的伦理行为评价

Clients' evaluation on ethical behavior of their counselors or psychotherapists

目的:了解来访者对心理咨询/治疗师伦理行为的评价状况。方法:采用问卷调查法,以自编心理咨询和治疗伦理问题调查问卷(来访者版)为评价工具,在全国范围内选取12个城市的1100名来访者进行调查,回收有效问卷807份。结果:84.5%的来访者对正在进行的治疗有信心,89.2%的来访者认为自己的心理咨询/治疗师能够胜任工作。15.9%的来访者评价,心理咨询/治疗师有时会表现出不耐烦的情绪或向来访者倾诉自己的压力。59.1%的来访者了解心理咨询或治疗的性质、作用和局限性,53.4%的来访者知道心理咨询/治疗师的专业背景。91.3%的来访者认为自己的隐私和治疗内容能够得到保密。来访者与心理咨询/治疗师发生亲密关系的占7%,发生性关系的占1.5%,在生活中是朋友关系的占18.3%。79%的来访者所接受的心理咨询或治疗能够按时开始和结束。结论:从来访者评价的角度,绝大多数的心理咨询/治疗师在工作胜任能力、保密、遵守时间设置方面做得较好,但在知情同意、双重关系方面存在问题,需要引起重视并改进。

Objective： To explore the clients＇assessment for the ethical behavior of the counselors and psychotherapists. Methods： The main method used in this evaluation was questionnaire, and the self-made questionnaire of the ethical problems in psychotherapy and counseling （for the clients ） were used as evaluation tools. Totally 1100 clients, from 12 cities in China, were investigated with 807 questionnaires returned. Results： 84.5% of the clients were confident in the treatments, and 89. 2% of them gave positive assessment for the ability of their counselors and psychotherapists. 15.9% of clients said the counselors and psychotherapists showed impatience or talked to them about their stress sometimes. Besides, 59. 1% knew about the characters, names and charge of the psychotherapies and counseling, and 53.4% knew the background of the counselors and psychotherapists. 91.3% of clients thought the privacy and treatment could be kept secret. 7% of clients had intimate relationship with their counselors or psychotherapists, 1.5% had sexual relations, and 18. 3% made friends in lives. 79% of clients could receive timely psychotherapies and counseling. Conclusion： From the assessment of the clients, the vast majorities of the counselors and psychotherapists do well in work ability, confidentiality and time-setting, but not so well in informed-consent and dual relations, which need to be paid attention to and improved.