注意缺陷多动障碍儿童的眼动抑制缺陷对照研究

Inhibitory deficits of oculomotor behavior in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

目的:探讨注意缺陷多动障碍(Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder,ADHD)儿童在抑制性眼动任务中的反应特征。方法:采用注视、主动眼动及反向眼动任务对21例ADHD儿童和21例正常对照儿童进行评估。结果:(1)注视任务中,ADHD组侵入性眼跳数目高于对照组[无分心条件:(12.67±12.28)vs.(6.38±6.95),P=0.040;分心条件:(16.91±10.00)vs.(11.29±5.99),P=0.030];(2)主动眼动任务中,两组儿童眼跳参数差异无统计学意义;(3)反向眼动任务中,ADHD组眼跳方向错误率高于对照组[间隔条件:(68.14±17.85)%vs.(54.10±20.22)%,P=0.020;重叠条件:(62.49±17.54)%vs.(49.27±17.21)%,P=0.020]。结论:注意缺陷多动障碍儿童眼动抑制能力存在缺陷,推测可能是由于注意缺陷多动障碍儿童具有异常的额叶-纹状体结构和/或功能所致。

Objective： To examine the characteristics of oculomotor inhibition about children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder （ADHD） . Methods： Twenty-one children with ADHD according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder, 4th edition （DSM-IV） and 21 matched controls were administered with fixation, prosaccade and antisaccade tasks. Results： 11 ） In the fixation task, the children with ADHD demonstrated significantly more intrusive saccade errors than the controls in either condition with distractors or without distrac- tors [nodistractors： （12.67＋12.28} vs. {6.38~6.95}, P=0.040; distractors： （16.91 ±10.00）vs. （11.29 ±5.99 ）, P = 0. 030 ] . （ 2 ） In the prosaccade task, there were no significant differences found between groups in saccadic parameters, in either gap condition or overlap condition. （ 3 ） In antisaccade task, the direction error rates of the ADHD group in either gap condition or overlap condition, were both higher than that of the control group [gap： （68.14±17.85） % vs. （ 54.10 ± 20. 22 ） %, P=0.020; overlap： （62.49±17.54） % vs. （49.27 ± 17.21）%, P =0. 020] . Conclusion： It suggests that there is an abnormality of the oculomotor inhibition, which may be caused by abnormal structure and/or function of fronto-striatal in ADHD children.