茭白鞘叶栽培双孢蘑菇研究

Study on Agaricus bisporus Mushroom Cultivation Using Sheathing Leaves of Zizania latiflia

利用茭白鞘叶栽培双孢蘑菇进行研究结果表明,茭白鞘叶中含有较高的营养成分,且明显高于稻草。茭白鞘叶堆制发酵温度较稻草前期偏低,但全期平均温度两者持平。茭白鞘叶配方的蘑菇现蕾期和开始采菇时间分别比稻草配方迟3 d和4 d;茭白鞘叶配方采菇时间达156 d,较稻草配方延长12 d,且可采收5批,比稻草配方多1个批次;茭白鞘叶配方蘑菇产量和稻草配方接近,分别是6.65 kg/m2和6.29 kg/m2。表明茭白鞘叶是栽培蘑菇的理想材料。经济效益分析表明,利用茭白鞘叶栽培双孢蘑菇每667m2的净收入可达11 886元。利用茭白鞘叶作为栽培蘑菇是解决茭白鞘叶资源浪费和环境污染的可行途径。

This study of using sheathing leaves of Zizania latifolia to cultivate Agaricus bisporus mushroom was conducted. The results showed that there was higher nutrient component in sheathing leaves of Z. latifolia than that in stalk of rice. Fermentation composting temperature of Z. lotifolia sheathing leaves was higher than that of stalk of rice in early period, but their average temperature in whole period close to each other. Squaring period and picking beginning time of mushroom cultivated with formula of Z. latifolia sheathing leaves were 3 and 4 days later compared with that cultivated with formula of rice stem and leaf respectively. Picking period of mushroom cultivated with formula of Z. latifolia sheathing leaves was 156 days, and prolonged 12 days compared with formula of rice stalk, however, the former could be picked 5 batches and one batch more than the latter. As for mushroom yield, formula of Z. latifolia sheathing leaves, 6.65kg/m2 was close to formula of rice stalk, 6.29kg/m^2. It was indicated that Z. latifolia sheathing leaves was ideal substrate for A. bisporus mushroom cultivation. Economic benefit analysis showed that cultivate A. bisporus mushroom using Z. latifolia sheathing leaves could get net income 11 886 yuan of 667m^2. It was a feasible approach to utilize Z. latifolia sheathing leaves as mushroom substrate to resolve the problem of resources wasting and environmental pollution in Z. latifolia industry.