国内外优秀静水单人划艇运动员的划桨技术比较

Comparative study on elite flatwater canoeists' paddling skill both in China and Abroad

采用SIM IMOTION运动分析系统对中外优秀500 m单人划艇运动员的划桨技术进行运动学分析。研究结果表明:中国优秀艇的划桨节奏与国外优秀艇存在非常显著性差异,我国优秀艇拉桨阶段的时间与回桨阶段的时间比例为1.4:1,而国外优秀艇的拉桨阶段的时间与回桨阶段的时间比例为2.1:1;国内优秀艇途中划阶段采用的是大划距中低桨频技术,国外优秀艇采用的是中低划距高桨频技术;500 m单人划艇项目的成绩与桨频的相关性大于划距;国内外优秀艇的桨叶入水角度和出水角度较为一致,平均入水角度在55°左右,出水角度在35°左右。建议中国优秀单人艇适当地提高桨频,减小回桨阶段时间比例,优化一桨节奏,提高每桨划船效果。

The studies of this article adapt SIMI MOTION sports analysis system to analyze paddling skills sportsmen both in China and abroad. Following are the results of the research： The difference of the paddling of elite rhythm between China and abroad is significant （ P 〈 0.01 ）. The time of drive phase and recovery phase is in the ration of 1. 4 ： 1, in China. When it comes to the foreign country, the ration is 2.1 ： 1 ; Chinese C - 1 players apply the technique of large distance per stroke and low stroke rate, while foreign C - 1 players apply the technique of short distance per stroke and high stroke rate. It comes out that the stroke rate has higher relativity to the result than the distance per stroke; foreign C -1 players＇ water entry angle and water extra angle is consistent with Chinese. The average water entry angle is 55°, and the average water extra angle is 35°. Chinese single canoeing must heighten stroke rate and reduce the time proportion of recovery phase properly to optimize paddling rhythm and improve the effect per stroke.