黄土塬区地震勘探技术发展现状综述

Development Status Overview of Seismic Prospecting Technology in Loess Tableland

黄土塬区的地震勘探技术长期以来一直被认为"世界级"难题,其主要原因有三:一是黄土塬区复杂的地貌条件,即沟、梁、塬、峁、坡、川并存;二是复杂的地表条件,即沟壑纵横施工困难;三是复杂的表浅层条件,即地震波难以激发且能量衰减严重等。在具体分析我国黄土塬区资源分布状况与勘探实践的基础上,对黄土塬区地震勘探数据采集与资料处理的一些技术难点进行了阐述,指出今后在黄土塬区开展地震勘探工作,应从粘弹介质、连续介质的角度,进行地震波激发与传播规律的研究,从地震正演模型和室内模拟的角度,进行黄土塬区的资料采集和处理方法研究,同时要注重引进新技术,加强储层物性横向变化的预测研究。

The seismic prospecting technology in loess tableland is deemed to be a world renowned hard nut over a long period of time. Major causations have three： the first is complex land forms of ravine, ridge, tableland, hill, slope and river coexisting in loess tableland areas; the second is complex surface conditions of crisscrossed ravines and gullies, caused operational difficulties; the third is near surface and shallow complex conditions, caused seismic wave hard to shot and serious energy attenuations. Based on resource distribution status in loess tableland area analysis and prospecting practices, have expounded technical nodi in seismic prospecting data acquisition and data processing in loess tableland. Pointed out seismic prospecting in loess tableland should start from viscoelastic and continuous media viewpoint, to carry out seismic wave shotting and propagation pattern studies; from seismic forward modeling and labsimulation to carry out data acquisition and processing methodology studies in loess tableland henceforth. Simultaneously pay attention to new technology importing, to strengthen reservoir physical properties lateral variation prediction studies.