越野赛车前碰撞特性仿真分析

Simulation of frontal collision of off-road racing car

针对越野赛车车架的强度和刚度的合理匹配问题,利用ANSYS软件建立了美国某Mini-Baja越野赛车前碰撞的有限元模型,模拟该车在乡村路面上以48 km/h的速度撞树的情况,得到了碰撞过程中前横梁的位移、速度随时间变化曲线及整车应力分布图.模拟结果表明:该车车架材料的强度和刚度达到了美国FMVSS203安全法规的要求;采用有限元软件ANSYS对小型越野赛车进行碰撞分析,为材料强度和刚度的选择提供了有效的手段.

According to the optimal combination of strength and stiffness, the finite element model for frontal collision of Mini-Baja off-road racing ear was developed in ANSYS software. The case of vehicle colliding with a tree at a speed of 48 km/h was simulated while it runs on the uneven road. The X-displacement response curve of front beam and the stress contour of the frame were obtained. Research results and field test results show that the strength and stiffness of the Mini-Baja racing car meets the FMVSS203 safety requirements. Research results also reveal that the finite element method is an effective tool for the vehicle frontal collision, the optimum design of strength, and stiffness of frame material.