玉米杂交种产量与产量构成因素的相关和通径分析

Correlation and Path Analysis on Yield and Yield Component Traits of Maize Hybrid

通过玉米产量构成因素与产量的相关和通径分析,研究产量构成因素对产量的作用方式和大小,为玉米高产育种提供理论依据。本试验以85个玉米杂交组合为研究对象,通过随机区组试验进行鉴定,收集参试品种的穗长、穗粗、穗行数、行粒数、500粒重、出籽率等6个主要产量构成因素与单株产量,采用DPS数据处理软件的回归分析程序进行遗传相关和通径分析。结果表明:对产量影响最大的因素是行粒数,其次是粒重和穗粗,它们与产量呈极显著正相关(r=0.421 1,0.450 2,0.473 7),对产量的直接通径系数也较大(P=0.562 5,0.449 9,0.370 8);增加行粒数、粒重和穗粗,并兼顾其他农艺性状是提高玉米产量的有效途径。

Correlation and path analysis on and yield component traits were carried out to study the influence of yield component traits on yield,which will provide helpful information for high-yield maize breeding. Total 85 maize combinations were selected which were identified under randomized block design with three replications in the trial. Six main yield component traits such as ear length （EL）, ear diameter（ ED）, number of kernel per row（K/R） ,500 kernel（KW） ,shelling percentage（SP） and yield per single plant（Y/P） were selected. The regression analysis program of DPS DPS data processing software was plant（Y/P） were selected. The regression analysis program of DPS data processing software was employed to do correlation and path analysis. The results showed that K/R is the most important factor followed by KW and ED, which are significantly correlated with yield（ r = 0. 421 1,0. 450 2,0. 473 7 ）and whose direct path coefficients were great（ P = 0. 562 5,0. 449 9,0. 370 8 ）. Increasing K/R ,KW and ED and consideration to other other agronomic characters are the best efficient way to increase maize yield.