硫酸锌对4种水生动物的急性毒性作用

Acute toxicity of zinc sulphate on four hydrocoles in fresh water

采用急性毒性实验方法测试了硫酸锌对中华绒螯蟹(Eriocheir sinensis)仔蟹、克氏原螯虾(Procambarus clar-kii)幼虾、异育银鲫(Carassius auratus gibelio♀×Cyprinus carpiovar.singuonensis♂)幼鱼及田螺(CipangopaludinachinensisGray)4种常见淡水经济养殖动物的半致死浓度(LC50)及安全浓度。结果显示:中华绒螯蟹仔蟹24、48、72、96 h LC50(Zn2+)分别为18.39、11.10、7.63、5.84 mg/L;克氏原螯虾幼虾分别为84.48、16.50、4.78、2.60 mg/L;异育银鲫幼鱼分别为46.51、33.43、23.86、19.58 mg/L;田螺分别为89.34、56.33、38.90、34.23 mg/L。安全浓度分别为0.58、0.26、1.96、3.42 mg/L。实验过程中,随着实验水体中锌浓度的增加,4种动物表现不同程度的中毒症状,死亡率增加;同一浓度,死亡率随着暴露时间延长增高。另外,相对异育银鲫幼鱼和田螺,中华绒螯蟹仔蟹、克氏原螯虾幼虾对硫酸锌毒性较敏感。

Acute toxic effects of zinc sulphate on four common hydrocoles in fresh water aquaculture and safe concentration were investigated. The LC50 （ Zn2 ＋） on juvenile Eriocheir sinensis, larva Procambarus clarkii, juvenile allogynogenetic crucian carp （ Carassius auratus gibelio ♀× Cyprinus carpio var. singuonensis ♂ ） and the Cipangopaludina chinensis Gray at 24 h, 48 h, 72 h and 96 h were 18.39 mg/L, 11.10 mg/L, 7.63 mg/L and 5.84 mg/L; 84.45 mg/L, 16. 50 mg/L, 4. 78 mg/L and 2. 60 mg/L; 46. 51 mg/L, 33.43 mg/L, 23.86 mg/L and 19. 58 mg/L; 89. 34 mg/L, 56.33 mg,/L, 38.90 mg/L and 34.23 mg/L respectively. The safe concentration was 0.58 mg/L, 0.26 mg/L, 1.96 mg/L and 3.42 mg/L respectively. The results appeared the E. sinensis and P. clarkii were more sensitive to zinc sulphate compared to juvenile allogynogenetic crucian carp and C. chinensis Gray.