从一例亲属捐献活体器官的伦理讨论谈起

An Ethical Discussion on the Case of Intra-vital Organ Donations between Relatives

以一例年轻者向年长者亲属捐献肾移植的伦理审查个案为例,分析目前我国活体器官移植工作面临的一些问题,并探讨活体器官移植的风险与伦理审查模式。伦理审查要有一个完善的流程,不应该仅是对适应症等形式上的审查,而应将重点放在供者和患者双方的利弊权衡之上;亲属间的器官捐献也应严格遵循"无偿、非商品化"原则;医院在法律允许的范围内应充分考虑到患者和供者双方的利益,并结合预期手术效果等其他因素判断其是否应进行器官移植手术,而不应仅以患者和供者的风险概率作为依据。

This study based on an ethical review of the kidney donation from a young man to his elder relative. We discuss the problems existing in present field of intra - vital organ transplantations, as well as its risk and the ethics review mode. It is recommended that ethics review is performed as a complete procedure, which should not only present in certain format, but also emphasize weighing the advantages and disadvantages of both patients and donors; intravital organ transplantations between relatives should also follow the principle of ＂ no compensation and non - commercialization＂ ; hospitals should give out the judgment under sufficient considerations of both patients＇ and donors＂ benefits within the scope of laws, as well as taking into account of other factors such as prospective outcome of the operations, rather than barely basing on the risk probabilities.