精神文化视野中的知识形态及其教育意蕴

On Knowledge Forms in the Perspective of Spiritual Culture and Its Pedagogic Meaning

知识是人类精神文化的载体。从精神文化的视野，基于人的文化规定性，从人的生存与发展对人类精神文化的需要出发，胡德海教授将精神文化分为常识、一般知识、理论和思想四种存在形态。精神文化的知识存在形态及其层次性和教育中人的生存与发展对其的精神需要是根本一致的。基于此，学校教育要重视常识在“基础知识”中的重要地位，学校课程内容组织要反映人对文化知识需要的层次性和阶段性，化知识为智慧是教育传承知识的永恒追求。

Knowledge is the spiritual carriers of human culture. In the perspective of spiritual culture, based on the human＇s cultural provisions, according to spiritual culture that human＇s existing and developing needs, Professor HU De-hal classified the spiritual knowledge as followed four kinds of forms： common sense, general knowledge, theory and thought. Knowledge forms of spiritual culture and its arrangement have inherent consistent with spiritual needs that human＇s existing and developing. Therefore, school education should give an emphasis on common sense in ＂basic knowledge＂. The organization of school curriculum contents should reflect arrangement and period character of culture that humans survive and development needs. How to changing forms of knowledge into forms of wisdom is internal pursuit that education transmits and inherits spiritual culture.