珠心算儿童加法与乘法相关脑区的fMRI研究

Brain functional areas of abacus mental calculation trained children for addition and multiplication:a fMRI study

目的:应用功能磁共振成像(fMRI)技术研究接受过珠心算训练的儿童在分别进行加法和乘法时脑激活区的差别。方法:对12名接受过3年珠心算训练的儿童进行加、乘计算和数物对照判断实验。设备为Siemens公司Trio3.0T磁共振扫描仪及头部正交线圈,采用EPI序列进行BOLD脑功能磁共振成像。应用SPM2软件对原始图像进行数据处理和统计学分析,以获取执行不同任务的脑功能图。结果:加法和乘法计算实验中均激活的脑区有左侧中央后回、左侧颞中回、左侧舌回、右侧枕中回、左侧楔前叶、双侧楔叶、双侧小脑半球,此外还激活一些皮层下结构包括两侧纹状体及纹状体边缘区等基底核结构。其中加法计算中还可见右侧梭状回激活,乘法计算中见右侧中央后回、右侧楔前叶激活。结论:加法计算和乘法计算的差别主要在右侧中央后回、右侧顶下小叶、右侧楔前叶;大脑皮层下一些结构被激活可能在数字计算中起重要作用。

Objective：To investigate the difference of brain activation region in the abacus mental calculation trained children engaged in addition and multiplication with functional magnetic resonance imaging （fMRI）. Methods：Twelve children trained with abacus mental calculation for 3 years performed mental calculation tasks including addition, multiplication and ntmiber-object control judging tasks. Blood oxygenation level dependence （BOLD） fMRI was performed in a siemens Trio 3.0 T MRI with an echo planar imaging （EPI） sequence. All data were analyzed by SPM2 （statistical parametric mapping 2） to generate file brain activation map. Results：The left postcentral gyros, the left middle temporal gyrus, the left lingual gyrus, the right middle occipital gyrus, the left precuneus, bilateral cuneus and bilateral cerebellums were activated in the addition and multiplication calculation. In addition, the subcortical structures such as bilateral striatum and marginal division of the striatum were activated in both two calculation tasks. The fight fusiformis gyrus was activated in addition calculation. The right postcentral gyrus and the right precuneus were activated in multiplication. Condusion： The different brain activation regions between addition and multiplication are the right postcentral gyrus, fight inferior parietal lobule, bilateral paracentral, the right precuneus. Some subcortical structures are activated, which suggest these regions also play an important role in the abacus mental calculation.