一种硬脂酸酯季铵盐表面活性剂的合成及性能

Synthesis and performance of stearic ester quaternary ammonium salt cationic surfactant

采用硬脂酸与3-氯-2-羟丙基三甲基氯化铵(CTA)在碱性条件下反应生成可生物降解的硬脂酸单酯表面活性剂2-羟基-3-硬脂酰氧基丙基三甲基氯化铵(CMESA)。确定其较佳实验条件为:n(硬脂酸)∶n(CTA)=1∶1.1,无水乙醇为反应介质,在85℃下反应5 h,酯化率达到96.5%。产品由IR和1HNMR进行表征。测定产品的表面活性如下:cmc为0.035 mmol/L;γcmc=44.95 mN/m;优于常规的阳离子表面活性剂D1821,发泡力则远低于1831。测定了产品的抑菌性能,对金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌圈直径达到25 mm。

Biodegradable cationic mono - ester surfactant （CMESA） （2 - hydroxy - 3 - stearyl - oxy - propyl） - trimethylammonium chloride was synthesized from stearic acid and （3 - chloro - 2 - hydroxy - propyl） - trimethylammonium chloride （CTA） as starting materials in absolute alcohol as reaction medium. The suitable reaction conditions of CMESA were identified as n （ stearic acid） ： n （CTA） = 1 ： 1.1, reaction temperature 85 ℃, reaction time 5 h. The product was characterized by IR and 1HNMR. Surface activity of the product was measure as cmc = 0. 035 mmol/L; γcmc = 44. 95 mN/m. That is better than that of the conventional cationic D1821 ,while the forming power is far lower than that of 1831. Bacteriostasis performance of the product was tested. The bacteriostasis circle for Styphlococus aureus achieves 25 mm.