兴安落叶松林土壤真菌的群落结构及物种多样性

Diversity and Community Structure of Soil Fungi in Larix gmelinii Forest

利用选择性培养基,研究了杜香-兴安落叶松林(LLV)、草类-兴安落叶松林(HLV)、柴桦-兴安落叶松林(BLV)、皆伐-兴安落叶松林(CL)、渐伐-兴安落叶松林(SL)、火烧地(LFB)6个样地土壤真菌的数量、群落组成及多样性。结果表明,不同样地土壤真菌为CL(30.51×104cfu.g-1)>HLV(29.08×104cfu.g-1)>BLV(28.60×104cfu.g-1)>LLV(26.04×104cfu.g-1)>LFB(17.87×104cfu.g-1)>SL(13.39×104cfu.g-1),随着土层深度的增加,真菌数量呈递减趋势;从兴安落叶松林土壤中共分离到真菌19属,优势菌属为青霉属(Penicillium)、曲霉属(Aspergil-lus)、头孢属(Cephalosporium)、毛霉属(Mucor);兴安落叶松林土壤真菌的多样性指数(H)与优势度指数(D)随样地不同而发生变化,以皆伐-兴安落叶松林最大,渐伐-兴安落叶松林最小。

The diversity quantity and structure of soil fungi groups in different forest types was studied in Ledum palustre-Larix gmelinii virgin forest, Herbage-L. gmelinii virgin forest, Betula-L. gmelinii virgin forest , Clear cutting L. grnelinii forest, Shelter wood cutting- L. gmelinii forest and L. gmelinii forest burned areas （LFB） in the national forestry ecosystems station of Inner Mongolia Great Xingan Mountains b v selective medium. The results showed that the numbers of gungi were（30.51 ×10^4cfu·g-1 ） 〉HLV（29.08 ×10^4cfu·g-1 ）〉BLV（28.60 ×10^4cfu·g-1 ）：〉LLV（26.04×10^4cfu·g-1 ）〉LFB（17. 87 ×10^4cfu·g-1）〉SL（13.39 ×10^4cfu·g-1）, vertical distribution of fungi were gradual lower with the increasie of soil depth^the isolated fungi from six plots belonged to 19 genera, Penicillium,Aspergillus, Cephalosporium and Mucor were the dominate genera. Diversity index （H）, and dominant index （D） of soil fungi of L. gmelinii varied with forest types, which was the richest in clear cutting L. gmelinii forest and the smallest in shelterwood cutting -L. gmelinii forest.