芳烃污染空气光催化净化材料研究进展与展望

Progress and Prospects in Research of the Photocatalytic Purification Materials for Aromatic-Polluted Air

芳烃化合物是一类难降解的有毒挥发性有机物,排放到大气对生态环境有极大的危害。光催化技术作为一种高级氧化技术是未来环境净化技术的发展方向之一。然而,经典的TiO2材料对芳烃的光催化氧化,不仅活性低而且极易失活,这在很大程度上制约了光催化技术在空气净化领域的实际应用。在综述国内外研究进展的基础上,简要总结了最近几年我们在芳烃污染空气的光催化净化材料开发和性能研究方面的一些进展。研究结果显示,有众多宽带隙半导体材料对芳烃表现出比TiO2更加优异的光催化活性和活性稳定性;有些材料甚至在可见光诱导下可表现出非常高的光催化活性。此外,在反应气氛中添加少量氢气可以大幅度提高贵金属修饰TiO2对苯的光催化降解效率。这些进展充分显示出光催化技术在工业三苯废气处理和空气净化等方面的广阔应用前景。

Aromatic hydrocarbon is a kind of volatile, poisonous, and hardly degraded organic compounds. They are very deleterious for environment when evolving in air. Photocatalysis as an advanced oxidation technique is considered as one of the developing directions for environmental purification in the future. However, the classical TiOz material is not only of low activity but also easily deactivated in photocatalytic oxidation of aromatics, which greatly restricts the practical application of photocatalytic technology in the field of air purification. On the basis of a brief review, we summarize our recent work on novel materials and their properties for photocatalytic purification of aromatic-polluted air. The results reveal that there are numerous wide band-gap semiconductor materials with excellent photocatalytic activity and stability that are superior to TiO2. Some materials show very high activity even though under visible light illumination. In addition, it has been found that adding a small quantity of hydrogen could greatly increase the photocatalytie efficiency of noble metal-modified TiO2 for benzene degradation, which displays the bright foreground of photocatalytic technique in air purification.