释“铜斤”

Paraphrasing "Tongjin (铜斤)"

"铜斤"一词多数词典未收,《汉语大词典》虽作了收录但释义错误,且仅有孤证。结合书证的上下文及其他相关书证,从构词法角度对"铜斤"一词进行深入分析可知:"铜斤"是一个名量式复音词,意为"一定数量的铜",表示的是复数或者集体的概念,属于泛称。其中,"斤"只是一个量词语素做词缀,没有实际的词汇意义。这一用法最晚产生于宋代,在清代很常见,一直延用到民国时期才消失。

The word ＂tongjin （铜斤）＂ is not included in many dictionaries. Hanyu Dacidian （ The Great Dictionary of Chinese） has collected it but interpreted it wrongly and only provided a single example. Considering the contexts of literature and other related literature, the article has analyzed it from the angle of word formation. The study shows that ＂ tongjin （铜斤 ）＂ was a noun-qualifier disyllabic, a plural or collective word. As a general term it meant ＂a certain amount of copper＂. ＂Jin＂ was only a quantifier morpheme used as an affix and had no actual lexical meaning. This usage appeared at latest in Song Dynasty, was common in Qing Dynasty, and disappeared in Republic of China.