上海金山区62例孕妇常见性传播疾病资料分析

Statistical Analysis for STD Among 62 Pregnant Women in Jinshan District of Shanghai

目的探讨孕妇常见性传播疾病的危险因素及临床症状与孕妇性传播疾病的相关性。方法对在上海市金山区两所医院妇产科进行产前检查的501名孕妇进行横向描述性研究。通过调查问卷方式获取被调查者相关人口统计学资料及行为学信息,同时进行全面体检及相关性传播疾病病原学及血清学检查。结果62(12.38%)例孕妇至少患有一种性病,比率最高的为细菌性阴道病,占14.18%(39/275),念珠菌及阴道毛滴虫感染率分别为3.64%(18/494)和0.40%(2/494),衣原体感染率为0.61%(3/495),梅毒及尖锐湿疣的现患率为0.60%(3/501)和0.40%(2/501),其中5(1.00%)例孕妇为混合感染。74.19%(48/62)的患者无症状。未检测出淋病、生殖器疱疹和HIV感染者。孕妇性传播疾病危险因素二值多元Logistic回归统计分析显示,孕妇性传播疾病患病率与孕妇是否为本地或外来流动人口有相关性。拥有外地户籍的孕妇比本市孕妇性病患病率高。结论在本研究区域内有一定比率的孕妇患有性病,且多数是无症状感染。对有症状的孕妇有必要全面检查,以确认无各种STD。外来流动人员的孕妇是孕妇性病防范的重点人群。

Objective To explore the relativity of common risk factors of sexually transmitted diseases （STDs） among pregnant women with STD and to show whether reported symptoms and findings on clinical examination predicted STDs in this population. Methods Cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted among 501 pregnant women attending antenatal clinics of two hospitals which were biggest at north and south direction in Jinsham District of Shanghai. Structured questionnaires were used to collect demographic and behavioral information, and clinical and gynecologic examinations were performed to detect clinical signs of STDs. Blood samples, vaginal and cervical swabs were collected to detect antibodies and infectious agents of STDs. Results 62 pregnant women had at least on kind of STDs in all. Bacterial vaginosis had the highest rate which is 14.18%. The infection rate of candida and trichomonas vaginalis, is respectively, 3.64% and 0.40%. While C trachomatis was only detected in 3 （0.61%） , syphilis in 3（0.60% ） ,condyloma acuminatum in 2 （0.40%）. 5 （1.00%）of 501 pregnant women were co-infected. Forty-eight （74. 19% ） of 62 pregnant women with any STD were asymptomatic. Neisseria gonorrhoeae, herpes genitalis and HIV infection were not found in this survey. Binary logistic regression analysis indicated that whether the pregnant woman was permanent population or outside floating population was associated with the case rate of STDs. The case rate of STDs in outside floating population was higher than that in permanent population. Conclusion A substantial prevalence of STDs, including a large proportion of asymptomatic infections, was found among pregnant women in the study area. It was essential to detect all kinds of STD among pregnant women with suspicious symptoms. Pregnant women as members of outside floating population were the focus of the crowd in preventing and controlling STDs of pregnant women.